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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x      QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

OR

o         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from          to          

Commission File Number 001-38290

Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

One Towne Square, Suite 1900

Southfield, Michigan 48076

(248) 355-2400

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x  No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x

As of November 4, 2019, there were 50,203,081 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

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Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands)

PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share amounts)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Sterling Bancorp, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Note 1—Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a unitary thrift holding company that was incorporated in 1989 and the parent company to its wholly owned subsidiary, Sterling Bank and Trust, F.S.B. (the “Bank”). The Company’s business is conducted through the Bank which was formed in 1984. The Bank originates construction, residential and commercial real estate loans, commercial lines of credit, and other consumer loans and provides deposit products, consisting primarily of checking, savings and term certificate accounts. The Bank operates through a network of 30 branches of which 26 branches are located in San Francisco and Los Angeles, California with the remaining branches located in New York, New York, Southfield, Michigan and the greater Seattle market.

The Company is headquartered in Southfield, Michigan and its operations are in the financial services industry. Management evaluates the performance of its business based on one reportable segment, community banking.

The Company is subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve (“Federal Reserve”). The Bank is a federally chartered stock savings bank which is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) of the U.S. Department of Treasury and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system.

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2019, and the condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and reflect all adjustments, in the opinion of management, of a normal recurring nature that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The financial data and other financial information disclosed in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these periods are also unaudited. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2019 or for any future annual or interim period. The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Note 2—New Accounting Standards

Adoption of New Accounting Standard

The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) and all subsequent amendments as of January 1, 2019. Topic 842 requires a lessee to recognize the following for all leases, except short-term leases, at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Topic 842 also requires expanded disclosures.

Topic 842 permits entities to use a modified retrospective transition approach to apply the guidance as of the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements in the period adopted or the optional transition method which allows entities to apply the new guidance at the adoption date and record a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption, and not to restate the comparative periods presented.

The Company adopted Topic 842 as of January 1, 2019 using the optional transition method. Therefore, the comparative financial information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The adoption of the standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets of $21,812 and operating lease liabilities of $22,682 on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The operating lease right-of-use assets includes the impact of unamortized lease incentives and deferred rent. The Company elected to apply the package of practical expedients upon transition, which includes no reassessment of whether existing contracts are or contain leases and allowed for the lease classification for existing leases to be retained. The Company did not elect the practical expedient to use hindsight in determining the lease term. After transition, in certain instances, the cost of renewal options will be recognized earlier in the term of the lease than under the

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) - Continued

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

previous lease accounting rules. The Company elected the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from the lease components contained in the operating lease agreements but instead to combine them and account for them as a single lease component and will continue to do so for its real estate operating leases. The new standard did not have a significant impact on the condensed consolidated statements of income or statements of cash flows in 2019.

The Company’s operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2019. The lessors’ rate implicit in the operating leases were not available to the Company and were not determinable from the terms of the leases. Therefore, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate was used in determining the present value of the future lease payments when measuring the operating lease liabilities. The incremental borrowing rates were not observable and therefore, the rates were estimated primarily using observable borrowing rates on the Company’s FHLB advances. The FHLB borrowing rates are generally for over collateralized advances for varying lengths of maturity. Therefore, the risk-free U.S. Government bond rate and high-credit quality unsecured corporate bond rates were also considered in estimating the incremental borrowing rates. The Company’s incremental borrowing rates were developed considering its monthly payment amounts and the initial terms of its leases. These incremental borrowing rates were applied to future lease payments in determining the present value of the operating lease liability for each lease.

As stated, the comparative prior period information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under the Company’s historical lease recognition policies under Topic 840, Leases.

The disclosure requirements of Topic 842 are included within Note 16, Operating Leases.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as follows: (1) removes the requirement to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, and the reporting entity’s policy for timing of transfers between levels; (2) removes the requirement to disclose the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; (3) clarifies that the measurement uncertainty disclosure for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date; (4) requires disclosure of the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income (loss) for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and (5) requires disclosure of the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU No. 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt the provisions that remove or modify disclosures upon issuance of this ASU and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until the effective date. The adoption of the new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s current fair value measurement disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments on a more timely basis. The guidance will replace the current incurred loss accounting model with an expected loss approach and requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, this guidance modifies the other-than-temporary impairment model for available for sale debt securities to require an allowance for credit impairment instead of a direct write-down, which allows for a reversal of credit losses in future periods. The guidance requires enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to Topic 326. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief. The amendments provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis, upon adoption of Topic 326. ASU No. 2016-13 is effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. At this time, the Company has formed a cross-functional implementation team consisting of individuals from credit, finance and information systems. The implementation team has been working with a software vendor to assist in implementing required changes to credit loss estimation models and processes. The historical data set for model development has been finalized, and the credit loss estimation models are in the process of being developed and tested. The Company expects to recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which ASU No.

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) - Continued

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

2016-13 is effective. The Company has not yet determined the magnitude of any such one-time adjustment or the overall impact of ASU No. 2016-13 on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In October 2019, the FASB voted to issue an additional ASU to defer the effective dates of Topic 326 to January 1, 2023 for certain entities including smaller reporting companies (as defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission). The Company, as a smaller reporting company as of the relevant measuring period, would qualify for this extension. Management plans to delay the implementation of CECL beyond 2020 and adjust the timetable of different CECL implementation tasks. Management believes that the Company will benefit from additional time to run parallel testing and refine credit loss estimation models.

Note 3—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP’). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in the future periods may be based upon amounts that could differ from those estimates.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The loan portfolio consists primarily of residential real estate loans which are collateralized by real estate. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, residential real estate loans accounted for 86% and 84%, respectively, of the loan portfolio. In addition, most of these residential loans and other commercial loans have been made to individuals and businesses in the state of California which are dependent on the area economy for their livelihoods and servicing of their loan obligation. Approximately 90% and 94% of the loan portfolio was originated in California at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Reclassifications to Prior Periods’ Financial Statements

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. Net servicing income (loss) has been reclassified from other non-interest income and reported separately on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Note 4—Investment Securities

Debt Securities

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities available for sale at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses:

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) - Continued

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

No securities of any single issuer, other than debt securities issued by the U.S. government were in excess of 10% of total shareholders’ equity as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

There were no sales of debt securities available for sale during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The proceeds from sales of debt securities available for sale were zero and $2,778 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Gross realized losses on these sales were zero and $3 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities available for sale issued by U.S. Treasury at September 30, 2019 are shown below by contractual maturity. Collateralized mortgage obligations and collateralized debt obligations are disclosed separately in the table below as the expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

The table summarizes debt securities available for sale, at fair value, with unrealized losses at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 aggregated by major security type and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as follows:

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s debt securities portfolio consisted of 8 debt securities, with 2 debt securities in an unrealized loss position. For debt securities in an unrealized loss position, management has both the intent and ability to hold these investments until the recovery of the decline; thus, the impairment was determined to be temporary.

A collateralized debt obligation with a carrying value of $200 and $297 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, was rated high quality at inception, but it was subsequently rated by Moody’s as Ba1, which is defined as “speculative”. The issuers of the underlying collateral for the security are primarily banks. Management uses in-house and third party other-than-

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STERLING BANCORP, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) - Continued

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

temporary impairment evaluation models to compare the present value of expected cash flows to the previous estimate to ensure there are no adverse changes in cash flows during the period. The other-than-temporary impairment model considers the structure and term of the collateralized debt obligations and the financial condition of the underlying issuers. Assumptions used in the model include expected future default rates and prepayments. The collateralized debt obligation remained classified as available for sale and represented $17 and $11 of the unrealized losses reported at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Equity Securities

Equity securities consist of an investment in a qualified community reinvestment act investment fund, which is a publicly-traded mutual fund, and an investment in Pacific Coast Banker’s Bank, a thinly traded, restricted stock. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, equity securities totaled $4,277 and $4,141, respectively.

At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, equity securities with readily determinable fair values were $4,031 and $3,895, respectively. The following is a summary of unrealized and realized gains and losses recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018: